Hydrostatic Equlilibrium

Equilibrium:

''The sum of forces acting on a surface is zero''

Hydrostatic Equilibrium:

In a stationary mass of a single static fluid the pressure is constant along  any cross-section parallel to the surface .But Varies from height to height.

           Consider a vertical column as shown below.

Three forces acts on the fluid in the column.

1. The gravitational force (Downward)
2. Pressure force at height z+dz (Downward)
3. Pressure force of fluid at height z (Upward)

A video related to this topic available on following link

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oRpS2Udx55w

.

Read More

Water conditioning & Environmental Protection

Water Treatment

Water is universal solvent. Our earth's about 3/4(three parts of water of four parts of the earth)  part comprises water. Water is very important for life on earth. It is one of the vital elements for life on the earth. Water is utilized in huge amount daily. The available resources of clean water are on decrease day by day. The industrial progress has pushed the world to the threshold of water shortage..

Water Pollutants

Water is polluted through natural & artificial processes. Some natural pollutents are pollutent gases in the atmosphere i.e; CO2 & NO2 .Theses gases mix with water and affect its pH.The pH of rain water is around about 5-6. Similarly Some artificial pollutants are Organic compounds from industries.

Soft & hard Water

There are two types of water. Soft water & Hard water .Soft water contains the carbonates of Mg & Ca. It is easy to treat the soft water..Hardness of water is usually due to the Sulfates of Mg & Ca.The treatment of hard water is hard.
Reference:Shreve's Chemical Process Industries 5th Edition by George T. Austin

Read More

Flowchart & Algorithm

Algorithm

What is algorithm????

                                             ''Algorithm is well-defined, simple English language     
                                                         which is utilized to write a programme''.
How it works???

Algorithm is utilized to write a programme. It is an old way to create a programme although .
Algorithm is an programming language which is utilized by programmer to create a programme.

How a Algorithm is Written???? 

Here are some steps which are adopted by programmer to write an Algorithm:

• Problem is taken into consideration
• Solutions for problem are generated
• Most suitable Solution is choosed
• Programme is written 
• Errors  & Changes are made
• Programme is run
• Documentation for maintenance & Update

Flow Chart

What is flowchart????? 

''Flow chart is visual presentation of  programme written with Algorithm ''.

A flow chart of addition of two numbers is being shown below

Flow chart of sum of 2 numbers

Different symbols are used to  represent different actions in the programme through the flowchart

Read More

Milk & Bevrage Industry

Milk & Beverage industries provide us milk & drinks like cold drinks i.e; CocaCola, Wine ,Energy Drinks ,Juices. The more detail about the industries and techniques for the production of dry milk, drinks is discussed here.
Visit the below given link
https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B2sdJ0meBCuCREdhRDl4YTRWb2M

Read More

Principle & Working of Dryer

Dryer is a mechanical machine which can dry materials. Dryers are taken in use by many industries i.e;Cement Industry. The basic mechanics & rules for its function properly are being described in this file......
Visit the below given link
https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B2sdJ0meBCuCUUtPTWdKdDVBNE0

Read More

Applications of UV- Visible Spectroscopy

Here I am going to post some applications of Ultra Violet Visible Spectroscopy ......
Visit the following link
https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B2sdJ0meBCuCYnJScWVYd2RYOW8
An other link
https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B2sdJ0meBCuCVG90clBSOGxFRTQ

Read More

Potentiometry

Here are some slides on a topic from Physical & Analytical Chemistry. It is an important technique which involves the calculations of cell's electrode potentials, Standards electrodes i.e, Standard Hydrogen Electrode and other electrodes.It also covers the topic to calculate the pH of the solutions using electrodes.......

Slides are available on the following link:
https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B2sdJ0meBCuCRmppWkotS1JEU0E

Read More